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The Holy Grail

  • Jan. 28th, 2009 at 9:43 AM



Christianity came to Britain in the first century and is the essence of our civilisation. Lose it and we lose everything. Tertullian of Carthage (circa 208) said that the Christian Church of his day "extended to all the boundaries of Gaul, and parts of Britain inaccessible to the Romans but subject to Christ." Eusebius of Cæsaria (circa 260-340) in his Demonstratio Evangelica said: "The Apostles passed beyond the ocean to the Isles called the Brittanic Isles." Sabellius (circa 250) revealed: "Christianity was privately confessed elsewhere, but the first nation that proclaimed it as their religion and called it Christian, after the name of Christ, was Britain." Polydore Vergil, court antiquary to henry VIII and a foremost scholar of his day, wrote: "Britain partly through Joseph of Arimathea, partly through Fugatus and Damianus, was of all kingdoms first to receive the Gospel."

Gildas, the British historian, in the sixth century, wrote: "We certainly know that Christ, the True Son, afforded His Light, the knowledge of His precepts to our Island  in the last year of Tiberius Cæsar." Elsewhere he affirmed that "Joseph introduced Christianity into Britain in the last year of the reign of Tiberius Cæsar." Tiberius died on 16 March AD 37, which supports the traditional date for St Joseph of Arimathea mission to Britain of AD 36. Britain was outside the Roman Empire, as the Claudian invasion did not occur until AD 43.

Martin of Louvain, in his Disputoilis Super Dignitatem Anglis it [sic] Gallioe in Councilio Constantiano (1517), recorded: "Three times the antiquity of the British Church was affirmed in Ecclesiatical Councilia. (1) The Council of Pisa, AD 1417. (2) The Council of Constance, AD 1419. (3) Council of Siena, AD 1423. It was stated that the British Church took precedence over all other churches, being founded by Joseph of Arimathea, immediately after the Passion of Christ."

On page 87 of The Grail Church, I wrote: "To the native Celts the Grail Church became known as the British Church; so as to distinguish it from the Anglo-Saxon English Church. When the Anglo-Saxons adopted Roman Christianity the British Church receded until it eventually vanished. Yet the memory of the Holy Grail could not be eradicated; indeed, its symbolic potency only grew with the passing of time."

The year I began my personal quest for the Holy Grail - 1977 - is also believed by some scientists to be the pivotal point for mankind from which there is no turning back. The effect of global warming is one of many symptoms of an ostensibly doomed planet. It is further thought that the search for another planet where sanctuary might be found is unlikely to materialise in time. Hence a small number of scientists are now turning their attention from space travel to time travel. Yet the prospect of wandering in time is no more attractive than the prospect of being lost in space. The real journey is one that lies within each of us: the journey to the Kingdom of Heaven.

The search in 1977 eventually led me unveiling that gnarled piece of olive wood known as the Nanteos Cup. Like Wagner in 1855, whose discovery of the relic inspired his opera Parsifal, I sought the Nanteos Cup in the hope of resolving whether or not this was indeed that venerated vessel wherein the first Eucharist was celebrated. Yet the intervening two decades has taught me that such a spiritual journey is within oneself; that these riddles are seldom, if ever, resolved by viewing an artefact deemed sacred.

The last Abbot of Glastonbury, Richard Whiting, entrusted the wooden Cup to his monks. They fled with the vessel to escape the appalling vandalism wrought by Henry VIII where it remained temporarily safe in the remote, now ruined, Cistercian Abbey of Strata Florida in Wales. When the King's men extended their search, the monks fled again with the Cup and took refuge in the isolated house of Nanteos, which was owned by farmers some seventeen miles from the Abbey. The final words on the breath of the last remaining monk as he died were that the resident Powell family should guard the Holy Cup "until the Church shall claim her own," which, in a sense, now it has.

The Nanteos Cup, as it was now called, remained at the house for over four centuries. It remained in the house, as stipulated in the Powell family will, when the estate passed to Mrs Elizabeth Miryless, a daughter of the late Mr Powell's cousin. The new owner became a devout believer in the healing properties of the Cup and, for a period, met with countless appeals for water that had been left to stand in the vessel. One week witnessed at least one and a half thousand pleas via correspondence from far and wide. The strain became too much, and in 1967 Elizabeth Mirylees sold Nanteos House and moved to a secret address in Herefordshire. The Cup, now pitted with teeth marks from over-zealous pilgrims, darkened with age, and reduced to one third of its original size would at one time have measured five inches in diameter at the top and about three inches in depth, tapering to a base about two and a half inches across.

Neither I, nor anyone else, can know whether this is the holy vessel of the Last Supper, but reports of amazing cures are real enough. And a foremost authority on Palestinian archaeology, Sir Charles Marston, who travelled to Nanteos in 1938, would not dismiss the possibility that it was the Holy Grail. Such a quest, in truth, has no end. Perhaps we must remain uncertain about matters of this kind? Faith must be sufficient; not faith in an ancient relic - but faith in what it represents, ie union with God, in the certain knowledge that the only way to the Father is through the Son.

Three years before the end of the last century, the Nanteos Cup (and the healing ministry that had sprung from it) was revealed to the world in a British television programme, plus an American documentary. The healing properties attributed to the Cup via cloths anointed with oil and water given to the afflicted persons were examined and discussed in both television films. The cures would ultimately be the effect of the Holy Spirit (Acts 19: 11-12) along with the phenomenon of Divine Healing. The American documentary is regularly transmitted in the United States, or another part of the world. Every week requests are made for prayer cloths that have been anointed and blessed in the Nanteos Cup. Any healing that takes place is a gift of God's grace made available to us through the atoning ministry of Jesus Christ who suffered and "Himself took away our infirmities, and carried away our diseases" (Matthew 8: 17); "He Himself bore our sins in His body on the cross … for his wounds you were healed" (1 Peter 2: 24). To "heal" simply means to recover.

The Holy Grail was considered to be a relic of inestimable value as the Cup of the Last Supper that was later used by St Joseph of Arimathea to collect a few drops of the Saviour's blood. Apocryphal writings credit St Joseph with possession of the Cup. "Cardinal Baronius, curator of the Vatican Library and certainly the most outstanding historian of the Roman Catholic Church, writes in his Ecclesiastical Annals in reference to the exodus of AD 36: 'In that year the party mentioned was exposed to the sea in a vessel without sails or oars. The vessel drifted finally to Marseilles and they were saved. From Marseilles [St] Joseph [of Arimathea] and his company passed into Britain and after preaching the Gospel there, died'." [The Grail Church, Holy Grail, 1995, page 30.] Thus the Holy Grail came to the British Isles where, six centuries later, it went missing. In later legends, as a result of the Holy Grail being lost, the country was strangely afflicted with large areas becoming an uninhabitable wasteland. Those who ventured there died. And a sixth century monk named Gildas wrote a history [Gildæ sapientis de excidio et conquestu Britanniæ] which spoke of a great famine and disease that rendered the island of Britain virtually uninhabitable, resulting in mass migration to the Continent. He attributes the catastrophe to the Britons' loss of faith. There are parallels with then and now. A steep decline in moral attitudes and social behaviour, plus, more significantly, the distortion and loss of faith, makes us ripe for a coming wasteland. There is a difference, however, because this time it might be on a global scale.

Perhaps we ought to reflect on what we have allowed to happen to our world and are continuing to permit?

I was born in the closing months of a terrible world conflict, and have witnessed the world waging war on itself ever since. Man's inhumanity to man leaves me convinced more than ever that our only salvation is in Him who shed His blood for the atonement of our sins. But it must be to the Christ of the Gospels, revealed through the Word of God, and not to a distorted image that we look.

When the precious mitre was placed upon my head on the feast of St Francis of Assisi in 1991, I already understood that a crown of thorns was contained within. I said as much in a radio interview soon afterwards in the United Kingdom. And for those who make the choice to take up their cross and follow Him, there begins a journey where space and time is transcended - a journey that will never taste death.

Mine has been a blessed life through amazing and certainly defining times for all of mankind. I feel especially blessed and am gratefully aware of God's plan for us on Earth - to love Him, love one another, and to rejoice in Creation.

This life is a dream from which death is merely an awakening ...

 


Man's life is death. Yet Christ endured to live,

Preaching and teaching, toiling to and fro,

Few men accepting what He yearned to give,

Few men with eyes to know

His Face, that Face of Love He stooped to show.

 

Man's death is life. For Christ endured to die

In slow unuttered weariness of pain,

A curse and an astonishment, passed by,

Pointed at, mocked again

By men for whom He shed His Blood - in vain?

 

Christina Rossetti (1830-1894)

Struggle for the Soul

  • Jan. 27th, 2009 at 10:24 AM


 

Br Keith Maclean, who had joined our Order at its foundation, presented me with The Hours of Catherine of Cleves, comprising one hundred and sixty colour plates. When opening this book upon reveiving it, the first plate to greet my eyes was Saint Michael Battling a Demon. A resplendent St Michael is locked in combat with a demon, who claws at his armour as he is pierced by the archangel-saint's long cross-staff. Although both St Michael and the demon are winged, their struggle takes place on the ground. The patron saint of exorcists impales the demonic manifestation in order to remove it from our earthly plane. Such are the images from this most popular devotional book of the later Middle Ages.

One year earlier, on 15 July 2002 (Pacific time), I gave an interview for Coast to Coast, transmitted from St Louis, USA. I spoke to George Noory for two hours about the dangers of the Left-hand Path, satanic cults and the supernatural. Previously on the same programme, I had talked to Art Bell for three and a half hours. This was transmitted on 23 August 2001. My return for another live programme with George Noory (Art Bell had now retired) in 2002 was the fulfilment of a promise to do one more show. In the interim, a live UK interview had taken place on 20 February 2002 at the invitation of James Whale for Talksport Radio. I had spoken with James Whale some years earlier for the same station's Paranormal Day,
[Paranormal Day on Talk Radio, the precursor of Talksport, where I spoke with James Whale from 11.35pm to 12.05am at the conclusion of a day devoted exclusively to the discussion of unexplained phenomena] and there were no problems. This time the presenter was arrogant, rude and hostile from the onset; possibly because he had been primed by antipathetic material received from someone on the Left-hand Path some months earlier whom he had interviewed about the occult and how it landed this person in jail.


From midnight to one o'clock in the morning had been provided to inform Whale and his listeners about things metaphysical. Earlier that evening a documentary about Aleister Crowley had been transmitted by Channel Four television, and I saw this as an opportunity to discuss Crowley and the satanic revival in general. I felt that listeners would expect me to discuss this topic and I was right. James Whale, unfortunately, was discourteous and offensive from the opening moments of the programme. This took us off air for a couple of minutes. When I eventually returned, the senior producer obliged James Whale to apologise for his highly insulting behaviour.


The apology, of course, fell short of any conviction, and I sensed that I would face an exasperating time over the next sixty minutes. I could have aborted the interview at any point, but listeners had stayed up to hear what I had to say, and they were not going to be disappointed. Due to the dignity of my office being compromised by Whale, I filed my dismay with the Broadcasting Standards Commission who, on 31 October 2002, upheld my complaint much to Whale's chagrin.

I also had cause to complain to the BSC over a back announcement added at a later stage to a recorded contribution I made for an investigative piece titled "Hidden Depths: The Occult" transmitted by 101.4 Angel FM. This announcement served to inform listeners that I was not a Roman Catholic bishop, and carried an unwelcome innuendo with regard to the exact denomination I held. In the Commission's view, the back announcement was unfair in that it did not reflect my status as a properly consecrated bishop within the traditional wing of the Old Catholic Church, unjustifiably raising doubts in listeners' minds as to my standing. The complaint against the makers of the programme and the radio station was, therefore, upheld. During the hearing, those responsible for the programme, ie producer and presenter, said that it had not been their intention to suggest I was not a bona fide Catholic bishop, which statement I accepted along with their apology.

My decision to scale down future interviews, however, was not linked to any of these experiences. At the time I was in my thirty-third year of making contributions to the broadcast media, and enough is enough. General standards had slipped considerably with attention to accuracy being of little or no concern to the programme makers. Two television appearances around this time, for example, witnessed my screen caption, in one instance, being completely inaccurate, and in the other, inappropriate and unjustifiably sensationalistic. However, I still continue to provide interviews and give talks to select organisations, colleges, churches and broadcast companies.

I was an invited guest speaker at a heated live television programme ["Pagans," Central Weekend Television, 30 March 2001] in Nottingham. It was a discussion about the advisability of witchcraft and paganism being taught in school classrooms. It was explained by the person accompanying me, someone I had rescued from a coven, that the oath made by some witchcraft initiates to Set-an was revealed to her by the coven leaders to be Satan. She also talked of the crime some covens encourage. The spectre of Aleister Crowley was raised and it was suggested by me that many would not be witches today were it not for this self-confessed drug fiend and publicity-seeking diabolist.

"Screaming Lord Sutch" was a British pop star in the 1960s who later became notorious for standing as an independent candidate for a political group known as the Monster Raving Loony Party. Few people will remember that "Lord" Sutch tried to involve himself in the hauntings and accompanying satanic outrages at Highgate Cemetery in the summer of 1970, and was pictured as a consequence on the front page of the Hampstead and Highgate Express, 7 August 1970. The report largely concerns the gruesome discovery of the body of a woman in the cemetery exactly one week earlier. The newspaper also recorded: 

"Pop singer Sutch was the victim of actress Carmen Du Sautoy. They are in a film about the daughter of Dracula and Jack the Ripper combined. 'Horror intrigues me,' said Sutch, ambling between tombstones in his pale lilac tunic and cape. … Mr Sutch is no novice at horror. For some time it has been part of his stage act. His speciality is leaping from a blazing coffin."

He was unwisely photographed in immediate proximity to the afflicted area of the subterranean vaults still housing a demonic contagion at that time.

Sutch, who changed his name by deed poll to "Screaming Lord Sutch, 3rd Earl of Harrow" in the 1960s, went on to fight more than forty elections as the candidate for the Monster Raving Loony Party, which he founded in 1963. When his mother died, he became depressed. Two years later, he committed suicide by hanging himself at his South Harrow home on 16 June 1999. He was fifty-eight-years-old.

The following day, Cardinal Basil Hume died of cancer at the age of seventy-six. This very tall, white-haired cardinal was greatly admired throughout the wider Catholic community and beyond. I had known him for nine years prior to his demise and liked him despite the embrace of liberalism so evident in the modern church. 

The following year witnessed the untimely death of the television personality Paula Yates whom I had worked alongside for a Channel Four programme in February 1990. Nothing like her tabloid image, I found her smaller, prettier and rather troubled. Despite her being quite moody, there was a gentle and intelligent side to her that did not always translate via the television screen.

Paula would later make the discovery that her real father was not the television presenter Jess Yates, but the Canadian game show host Hughie Green. Resemblance between her and Green was discernable. Someone telephoned Paula on the morning of 17 September 2000, and Tiger Lily, Paula's young daughter, said her mother was asleep. Paula was later discovered naked, half in and half out of her bed, and a very strange colour. Coroner Dr Paul Knapman's verdict was that she had died of non-dependent abuse of drugs, and was "an unsophisticated taker of heroin." The 0.3mg of morphine found in her body would not have been enough to kill her had she been a heroin addict. That notwithstanding, she had apparently been taking illegal drugs, including cocaine, for nearly two years before the day of her demise.

Illegal drugs have wrecked so much of modern society. I noticed their availability back in the 1960s. Heroin and cocaine were much less common then, but the abuse of almost any illegal substance was apparent and growing. Police and politicians nowadays admit that drug abuse is out of control and responsible for much of the violent crime the majority of law-abiding citizens have to endure.

My calling to the priesthood and episcopacy alienated a small number of so-called "admirers" who reacted with hostility, even malice; but for me it was unavoidable in the morally bankrupt times I found myself. Degenerate behaviour with its attendant drug dependency, still in its infancy in the 1960s, has now become endemic throughout all strata of society. Absent is any political or even mainstream church leadership with the courage to address this continuing slide by returning to traditional spiritual values.


Traditional Christianity is disappearing as atheism, relativism and heresy spread on a scale hitherto never seen. The primary purpose of the work begun at Easter 1973 has always been to provide spiritual sanctuary in a land awash with soul-killing materialism and moral bankruptcy by actively seeking to reclaim our land for Christ.

Liberalism and modernism currently plague all strata of society, severely dilluting our spiritual integrity and creating a need to redress the balance. Such is the volume and cry of distressed and disenfranchised folk in an England no longer recognisable that the hour of its rebirth and reclamation cannot be far off. The current recession, more now resembling a slump, can only hasten that day. 

A table for twelve is always set at my private retreat and chapel in southern England. This number represents those who joined at the founding of the Order inaugurated on Good Friday 1973 at the summit of a hill in London. 
 
The Order belongs to the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church which autocepahlous jurisdiction under our leadership is universally known as Ecclesia Apostolica Jesu Christi.

Novi et æterni testamenti — it is the priest who recites these words at the consecration of the Most Precious Blood of Our Lord — Hic est enim calix Sanguinis mei: novi et æterni testamenti. We stand for this inheritance which Jesus Christ gave to us. It is His Sacrifice, it is His Blood, it is His Cross, the ferment of all Christian civilisation and of all that is necessary for salvation. 

By keeping the Blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ, by keeping His Sacrifice, by keeping the Eucharist — the Eucharist which has been bequeathed to us by our predecessors, the Eucharist which has been transmitted from the time of the Apostles unto this day — we shall hold fast to what is true.

All those wonderful qualities that made Great Britain attractive to the rest of the world would now seem to have been sacrificed to meet what is invariably the lowest common denominator. This constant lowering of standards to appease liberal modernists leaves someone like myself in the wilderness on most matters. Though I am not a voice entirely unheard. Not yet. 

The struggle continues apace to reclaim the lost ground.

Holy Dying

  • Jan. 26th, 2009 at 9:23 AM




On the feast of St Francis of Assisi, 4 October 1991, I was elevated to the episcopate within the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church.
 
On Good Friday 1973, along with eleven others, I founded Ordo Sancti Graal on the summit of Parliament Hill, at London's Hampstead Heath. After three months of spontaneous occurrences, we developed into a dispersed Order of disciples of the Lord Jesus Christ. Seventeen years later, I would take holy orders within the traditional wing of the Old Catholic Church. In the interim - notwithstanding pilgrimages, processions, preaching, healing and exorcisms - I embarked upon a number of quests. The Cup of the Last Supper was the first of these.
 
A local newspaper assisted in this endeavour by quoting me: "In the autumn of '77 I intend to embark upon a search for the Grail itself - commencing from Glastonbury. … In brief the Holy Grail - the vessel used in the Last Supper - is believed to have been brought to Britain by Joseph of Arimathea some time after the Crucifixion." ["Grail Searcher," Hornsey Journal, 27 May 1977.] The newspaper invited readers to contact me if they wished to assist. The outcome of the quest would not be recorded by the media; though I did agree to contribute to a Channel Four British television programme about the Holy Grail in February 1997, and a documentary film for America's NBC Channel in early 1998 where I was filmed at Glastonbury Abbey in Somerset. These transmissions included the Nanteos Cup, the remnant of a wooden bowl thought by some to be the Holy Grail. The late Reverend Peter Scothern, who had access to the Nanteos Cup for the purpose of immersing prayer cloths in holy water and chrism in the gnarled bowl to facilitate healing, was to become my acquaintance. The location of the Nanteos Cup remains undisclosed; though I am still privileged to share that much sought piece of intelligence. 

Another item that became newsworthy was the search for an artefact known as the Glastonbury Cross. This occurred some five years after the 1977 Grail quest had begun. "The whereabouts of the lead cross, about eight inches long, are known only to [an] amateur archaelogist … who first found it in the grounds of Forty Hall. … The British Museum said it was either the original Glastonbury Cross which lay on King Arthur's tomb or a 17th century copy. He refused to hand it over to Enfield Council who own Forty Hall, or the British museum and hid it. He also refused to comply with a court order to hand over the cross and is now serving a two year sentence for contempt of court." I was quoted in the same article, saying: "We are most anxious to recover it as there is a terrible risk that it could be lost for a few more centuries. There is little archaeological evidence from that period."
["Magic Cross Search," Enfield Gazette, 3 September 1982.]

The inscribed lead cross was allegedly recovered from the bed of the lake near Maiden's Brook in the grounds of Forty Hall. A student on duty at the British Museum was allowed to photograph the artefact, but did not keep it for further examination. The mysterious cross was not seen again. The amateur archaelogist served only half his original jail sentence of two years, became unwell, and later took his own life.

The Old Catholic Church was to provide a means to be in valid orders without compromising my position on the Church of Rome from which Old Catholics had felt obliged to break with in 1724. The growing movement across Europe witnessed a sizeable number of hitherto Roman dioceses becoming Old Catholic for reasons not entirely dissimilar to my own. Jurisdictions beyond the Continent were to become predominantly autocephalous. I was, therefore, remaining within the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church whilst still retaining that degree of independence I felt and still feel to be absolutely necessary in these uncertain times. The twentieth century witnessed both Anglicanism and Roman Catholicism moving further away from sound doctrine. The contaminating influences at work are discussed in my work about Christianity. I conclude: "Whether institutionalised Churches are being eroded from within by secret societies or have been so steeped in apostasy for so long as to make no real difference, the volume and pitch of distressed humanity's evocative cry set into motion the awakening of the Church of the New Covenant." [The Grail Church, Holy Grail, 1995, page 72.]

My introduction to an acceptable alternative to the Roman Catholic Church happened in the 1960s. I was rehearsing with a group of musicians in Stamford Hill when I felt like having a breath of fresh air, and took a walk. On that particular night, having walked for about ten minutes, I found myself in Rookwood Road where stood the Cathedral Church of the Good Shepherd, which belonged at that time to the Old Catholics. The wooden doors to the Cathedral Church, in common with most churches at that time, remained unlocked. Inside I discovered an atmosphere both sombre and spiritual. When I tentatively approached the dimly illumined high altar - with its stunning depiction of the Last Supper - nothing disturbed my contemplative mood. The fragrance of incense still lingered from any earlier celebration of the eucharist. Other church buildings had not quite managed to provide anything close to this experience. It was a sense of being outside time. Fifteen or so minutes passed; perhaps much longer. Time seemed suspended. Afterwards I retreated through the dark streets, and back to the rehearsal hall. Not being at all familiar with the district, when I tried to find the church on later occasions it completely eluded me. However, the communion with the divine felt in the Cathedral Church would be followed up in the next decade when I pursued the minor orders of ostiariate, lectorate, exorcistate, and acolytate. Two decades later, I entered the diaconate, followed by the priesthood, and the episcopate.
 

*       *       *


My father introduced me to Edgar Allan Poe; my mother introduced me to St Teresa of Avila and, later on, to St Thérèse of Lisieux. My mother's death on the day following the feast of the latter was the most difficult moment of my life. Her last breath came at twenty minutes past five o'clock on that fateful Friday of 2 October 1992. All I can remember is my father's distant voice proclaiming: "She's gone." Two little words that were of themselves devastating - yet I knew in my heart she had not gone at all, but had passed into the Lord's safekeeping where she would be for eternity. Emotionally, however, I would never recover from the loss. Folk found her special and unique. She was much loved by just about everyone who met her.


I also conducted a funeral service in the same cemetery chapel some eight years later for my father. Whereas the voice of Mario Lanza singing Ave Maria accompanied the conclusion to my mother's service, a jazz piece in gospel mode, titled A Love Divine, quickly followed by Lynn Howard's beautiful rendition of Softly & Tenderly closed my father's funeral. He, at least, had seen the opening of the new millennium. Yet - in his own mind - he felt he had little reason to remain much longer after the death my mother; he simply lost the will to live in a world without her. It was all terribly sad, but understandable. Diana Brewester, my London secretary and good friend, who was present at my father's funeral, would sadly pass away herself in December 2003. 
 


Only three days separated Diana's and my own birth. We had a great deal in common, sharing an appreciation of the arts, music and literature. Her sudden death, after being diagnosed with cancer only a couple of month's prior, came as an immense shock. Father Hubert Condron of St Joseph's Catholic Church and I attended to her funeral at that same chapel where I had conducted my parent's services. Diana had known both my parents and was especially close to my mother. I sprinkled her coffin with holy water, and spoke to those assembled about her life, and about her generosity of spirit and kindness. Colleagues of mine from the 1960s and 1970s, whom Diana had also come to know, assembled in the cemetery chapel. Now we were joined by the death of our friend. One later remarked that even in death Diana brought us together. We were all grateful for the reunion.


My parents are the source from which I inherited some of the qualities that set me apart. In early 2003, I received an 1814 edition of Holy Dying
[The Rule and Exercises of HOLY DYING in which are described the Means and Instruments of Preparing Ourselves and Others Respectively for A BLESSED DEATH, etc by Jer. Taylor, D.D., Chaplain in Ordinary to King Charles the First, Printed and Published by J. Keymer, 1814] from a total stranger who, in the previous month, had commented on an internet forum:


"Reality is not limited to the extent of your own experience. Thankfully, I have never experienced a vampire, but I have experienced other things which suggest that vampires (as described by Bishop Manchester) are possible and probable. If one has faith in God in all His Glory, one must believe in Satan in all his abhorrence. You cannot disable one side of the scheme of things. Faith is only as strong as its foundations. How many of those who criticise Bishop Manchester have no faith in God? How can their criticism of his redemptive ministry be valid when it is extracted from the context of a more general criticism of Christian faith? Vampires, why not?"


The above comments were made by Elisabeth Harrington, a post-graduate theology student at an Anglo-Catholic college within a university, whose gracious surprise of presents, including the rare and valuable Holy Dying, followed her remarks. I responded:

"What a delight to receive your kind gift of Holy Dying which shall doubtless provide much to ponder. Our gratitude also extends to the no less welcome English Sonnets [1882], and the Horæ Tennsonianæ [1832], where much pleasure will be derived. The etching from one of Cassell's photographs of Highgate Cemetery is, of course, poignant in the extreme. A suitable frame has already been ordered. You are most generous and considerate in forwarding these wonderful items. Pax et benedictio." [Correspondence, 30 March 2003.]

Early Recollections & Final Farewells

  • Jan. 25th, 2009 at 9:59 AM




When we arrived in London from Ireland, having settled in a first floor flat in Islington, my father ordered a rosewood piano to be delivered. It remained with my parents to the end. On this instrument my mother would play her beloved Chopin in those early days. When we translated to the Mansions, where Fred the porter and Alice the cleaner were part of the fixtures and fittings, the piano naturally followed. Its final destination was the Islington house my parents purchased within a short walking distance.

The children at Hungerford School loved my mother. They called her "flower face" because of the curls around her constantly smiling face. She was at her most beautiful during this period and attracted many admiring glances - yet she remained ever childlike and innocent, charming everyone along the way to the end of her life.

Despite the transparent naîvety that never left her, my mother always led the way and made things happen. She wanted a child. My father was less convinced. When we returned to England from overseas, my mother would be the one to discover and organise each  of our homes. It became apparent to me in later life that my mother earnestly wanted for me the romantic fulfillment she had been denied all along.

Mrs Brown, a somewhat severe-looking "governess" figure prior to my starting school at the age of five, was in truth a warm and kind person who taught me that "don't cares are made to care!" Something I would remember for the rest of my life. Though austere, these were lovely, enchanting times — and London was still then a wonderful city in which to enjoy them. I was blessed to be alive in a time of common courtesy, considerate behaviour, and gentle folk; qualities sadly now a rare commodity.

I recall my father taking me on trips to where much of London remained a wasteland of bomb craters and semi-ruins, particularly the city and docklands areas. The three of us would enjoy summer picnics on Hampstead Heath, watching the model boats on Highgate Pond. In the winters there would be coal fires and snow, which the horse-drawn milk cart would have to negotiate most carefully. Lamp-lighters would arrive every evening to kindle the gas lamps that still abounded.

Christmas was very special. It meant visits to the huge Gamages store, near Holborn Circus, and Santa Claus arriving on Christmas Eve in the snow via a Gamages van stuffed full of toys and games. First on my list was always a Rupert annual. Few of these childhood gifts have survived, save the much treasured Rupert annuals and a Hornby Dublo train set with many additions. Moreover, there existed then a quite palpable and almost Dickensian Christmas spirit among folk. These were the last days of England comprising of that recognisable stock who held fast to their faith.

Nicholas Mosley, whose famous father I would eventually meet in my days as a photographer, reflected the age soon to eclipse the one into which I was born: "This is the age of untruthfulness, or double-think, or loss of integrity and a profound lack of courage. It is not nowadays that we are deliberately wicked: we are simply mad. … What the world has now denied is the importance of truthfulness and integrity and honour. We are in a moral vacuum with no values, and idols of publicity in the place of God. … I think that because the present abuses are those of dissolution and moral chaos then our remedies must be in this sphere also — in a concentration not on political and social lobbying, but on demonstrating personally and in groups what the godly life of integrity should be." [Efforts at Truth by Nicholas Mosley, Minerva, 1996, page 116.]

In the autumn of 1949 I had begun primary school and in 1952 joined the junior boys where Miss Hornsby would record in one of my earliest reports: "Seán is rather lazy over his arithmetic — in everything else he worked hard." This was the year I made the acquaintance of a slightly older boy, Frank Tinsley, whose eccentricity and oratory skills even then drew crowds around him. His totally blind father was the local Communist candidate. Frank himself joined the Socialist Youth Movement in his teenage years, but by the time the 1960s had drawn to a close he was an evangelising Christian, eschewing Communism and putting his not inconsiderable talents to effective use. Tragically, he contracted multiple sclerosis later on, but never did he lose his humour. I valued his friendship immensely, and we were drawn into each others orbit, often through accidental contact, until I quit London in the 1990s.

The year 1952 also brought with it the terrible London smog and more deaths of English folk than had Hitler's bombs achieved in the preceding decade. I suspect it weakened my lungs, as I attempted to find my way home in pea-soupers so dense that I could not see my feet or outstretched hands in front of me, because I would suffer thereafter from a slight asthmatic condition. But, at least, I survived. Many did not. The "smog masks" issued by the government of the day, as were found by many who wore them, proved to be completely ineffective against this deadly air pollution of 1952. This much was admitted in government papers released half a century later.  

Not as warm and amicable as my first form mistress, Miss Richards, a colder character by far for 1953, commented in my school report: "Conduct a little too frisky and playful, but worked very well and is a useful member of his class." Mr Cordwell, my last junior school master, reported: "A neat little worker. He is a pleasant, likeable little chap and I wish him success." In many ways, Mr Cordwell reminded me, in later years, of Mr Chips in Goodbye Mr Chips. He once asked me what I read, and I answered: "Books." His eyes seemed to shrink back from behind his thick lenses in their round frames, as he snapped: "I didn't imagine you read caterpillars!"

My borderline eleven plus exam result, much to the astonishment of my teachers who felt I would do much better, was nevertheless enough to earn me a place in an excellent secondary school where discipline and obedience were much to the fore. I did quite well for the first two years, coming near the top of the form in most subjects, bar arithmetic and algebra. The third year, however, witnessed a marked decline where my report declared that I had "shown no inclination to exert any effort in any subject and therefore has achieved nothing." During the two years prior, my form master, who was also my English teacher, fully grasped my "exciting style," as he would describe it, which assured top marks in English throughout this period. I was to suffer the embarrassment of having my name read out before one morning school assembly, having won a national poetry competition with To Nature - On Autumn:

'Twas down a little country lane

Leaf-strewn, in coloured hue,

That to my memory will remain

The joy I found in you.

Sweet whisperings from a brook nearby,

Sad notes of birds' late song,

Filled my heart with an ecstasy.

Dear Peace, for you I long.

When back amid the noise and pain

Of daily toil and strife,

Locked in my heart that country lane,

Brings reality to life.

 

*       *       *

Notwithstanding the influence my mother had on these three verses, Newstead Abbey Park had provided for me the brook and nearby country lane. My mother had much older memories. When she was very young and her parents had moved from Derbyshire to an idyllic setting at Wollaton, a brook ran along the bottom of the country lane where their house was situated. Yet for me Newstead would become a symbol of all that belonged to the old world which was already irrevocably, moment by moment, slipping away.

My parents became more detached from the emerging new world, reminding each other of an older and more familiar England which they preferred. Sadly, true happiness always lay beyond their grasp.

The final photograph of my mother was taken as she received the Host at a Mass I concelebrated at my epsicopal consecration. It is reproduced in the book I dedicate to her memory, The Grail Church. Twelve months after that picture, almost to the day, she died - something from which I have never fully recovered.

I felt exceptionally close to my mother whom I tried to visit at least once a week throughout my life until she passed from this world on the feast of the Holy Guardian Angels. If she could have possibly contacted me from beyond the veil, she would have certainly done so. I did experience an angelic presence soon after her death, which I discussed on a television programme [Up Front, Granada, 30 October 1992] at the time, but my mother was at peace and did not communicate. Matters such as life after death held a real fascination for her, and her familiarity with the lives of her favourite saints - St Teresa of Avila and St Thérèse of Liseux - made for some extremely interesting conversations. Fortuitously, the feast of St Thérèse of Liseux fell on the day before my mother died, and the feast of St Teresa of Avila was the day of her funeral.

When I saw her in the little gothic chapel, isolated from the funeral director's office, in a place where the flowers for wreaths are grown, to place items of devotion in her coffin, I was struck each occasion on how she remained so completely without any trace of corruption. There was something saintly about her as she lay in her coffin, fresh and absent of death's all too familiar hand. It was difficult to believe she had really gone, as I returned in the evenings to lift the lid and view her. My father could not bring himself to see her in such sombre surroundings. I nonetheless drew comfort from these evening visits to the chapel. There seemed to be a smile of such peace on her face. She looked radiant.

When my mother died, my father lost the will to live. He would speak of her as if they had been the two closest people on Earth. The house in north London became cluttered and untidy - the very opposite to how my mother had kept it - and he forbade anyone interfering. My mother's bedroom - they had separate rooms for many years - remained exactly as it had been on the day she died. Nothing was touched, and years later it still held the fragrance of her perfumed aroma. He would survive his wife by eight years, just managing to catch a glimpse of the new century.

I did not become any closer with my father for most of the intervening period, except for the last year. He came to stay with me for a few days at a time, and his last three visits were far better than anything prior. The round trip was over a couple of hundred miles, and he could not tear himself for long from the home where he and my mother had spent so many years; so his visits were never more than three or four days at a time. When I came to London, and naturally visited him, it was painful to witness the deterioration of his surroundings. H also was deteriorating, having a heart condition for which medication had been prescribed. He was fiercely independent and would not allow any interference. Knowing it would be fatal to stop taking his prescribed tablets, he nevertheless did stop taking them - no longer able to live in a world without his first, last and only love whom in life he was seemingly incapable of showing the appreciation she deserved.

In the weeks following my father's death, something happened that would provide a unique portal through which I glimpsed things as they had once been. Following the traumatic discovery of my father's body in the house where my parents had spent so much of their lives - a house, moreover, now more resembling Mrs Havisham's in Charles Dickens' Great Expections - an altered state of consciousness occurred which, coupled with the inevitable adrenalin surge that accompanies stress in crisis, found me walking the streets and calling on people I had not seen for decades. The intervening years temporarily evaporated and became an illusion. I was back. Most I called upon welcomed me as though no time at all had passed. Some, of course, were now ghosts, as I wandered the streets to old haunts. I was somehow experiencing it all over again, albeit briefly, for the very last time.

Subsequent visits to London in the years that followed, found it had returned to the friendless, faceless city that is now all too familiar to those who suffer its crime, pollution and melancholic atmosphere. Yet those weeks at the end of the year 2000 were to offer me a time warp where the past was somehow witnessed through a weathered window. Thereafter I felt like a phantom who was not present in the city, passing through sadly unfamiliar places. I felt as though I had now become a stray ghost. On of my last visits to England's grey and gloomy capital was for the funeral of a close friend on 16 January 2004. I do not envisage returning to the place where most of my life's dramas - indeed most of my life - was spent.

Byronic Inheritance

  • Jan. 24th, 2009 at 9:12 AM


My mother was a sweet and innocent soul who sought beauty and goodness where it seldom seemed to dwell. She sang, wrote poetry, and played the piano a little (especially her favourite composer, Chopin) when she was young, but the ultimate prize of happiness, as envisaged in her heart, seemed to elude her. So she stopped doing these things, as life itself grew tiresome with the inevitability of compromise. Yet a sparkle in her blue eyes remained from a time when dreams had not entirely flown.

Dorothy Woodward was born at a time when the previous world conflict had practically wiped out an entire generation, and was growing tired by the spring of 1918. Her paternal grandparents, both quiet by nature, had a farm in Derbyshire. The abode of her maternal grandparents, also located in Derbyshire, was the destination for Christmas holidays. These would be spent with her parents who themselves resided in close proximity to Newstead Abbey in Nottinghamshire's Sherwood Forest

Once the habitat of the celebrated poet and his ancestors, Newstead would become a symbol of all that is Gothic and Romantic, which now, irrevocably, has slipped into the reservoir of fragmented memory. This is where I played as a child in the avenues of sombre forest trees in Lord Byron's gloomy abode where the fading twilight coupled with the moan in leafy woods to herald the filmy disc of the moon.

My mother had been the second-born of five children, and easily her father's favourite. Her mother, however, not only favoured the first-born, but eschewed Dorothy for some reason not understood and certainly not explained. Attempts were made to reconcile the schism, but to no avail. It would remain a mystery; especially as my mother was so palpably honourable and kind. My father described her as "the most endearing and the prettiest of the three daughters." The two remaining children were boys. The cold treatment from her mother induced a terrible sadness into her life that never quite departed. This would not be resolved by marriage to the man she met on an outing to the seaside when she was nineteen.

In the summer of 1937, my father stood on a swaying, overcrowded train heading for Skegness, a seaside resort on England's east coast, when a young lady, seeing he had been on his feet for some duration, offered her own seat. They chatted briefly and the nineteen-year-old presented her card. This permitted chaperoned outings over the following months, culminating in a registrar office wedding on 30 October 1942.

Arthur Allen Manchester, a musician, as the Second World War loomed, turned his hand to clerical work, then became an accountant and, much later, a company secretary and director. My mother, despite her artistic nature and romantic heart, was restrained in many ways. Her husband leaned more toward the radical fringes. His left-wing politics earned him few Brownie points with my mother's arch-conservative family. Ostracism, albeit slow, was inevitable as the years went by. My mother sought solutions, and always led the way to make things possible. The aloofness experienced from her own mother, however, continued and indeed increased throughout married life.

Most of all, my mother wanted a child. My father was less enthusiastic. Nonetheless, I was conceived during October 1943, as the war in Europe prepared to reach its climax. Thus, nine months later, came into the world "the great, great, great grandson of the famous poet, through an illicit liaison between his lordship and a maid at Newstead Abbey." [The Highgate Vampire, BOS, 1985, page 123.] Many years later, I would thank leading Byron scholar Professor Leslie A Marchand "for his help and comments in private correspondence about the 'records of births and deaths of the lower (servant) class in those days' when trying to establish facts about the poet and Lucy, my great, great, great grandmother." [Mad, Bad and Dangerous to Know, Gothic Press, 1992, page 13.]

Owning this blood connection would lead to certain expectations, as reflected in the following observation: "He was invited to appear on Central Television's Saturday Night Live, but only on condition that he 'dressed like Lord Byron'." ["The Byronic Man" by Tim Baggaley, Velvet Vampyre, 1992, page 14.]

Lord Byron was seldom without consolation of the female kind and of the various servant maids who slipped between his sheets to keep him company at Newstead, Lucy was far and away his favourite. He called her Lucinda, but in the following lines she appears as Lucietta:

 Lucietta my dear,

 That fairest of faces!

 Is made up of kisses …

A letter, 17 January 1809, to John Hanson confirms that "the youngest is pregnant (I need not tell you by whom) and I cannot have the girl on the parish." On 4 February 1809, Byron wrote to Hanson: "Lucy's annuity may be reduced to fifty pounds, and the other fifty go to the Bastard." He had originally provided her with an annuity of one hundred pounds. Three years after making Lucy pregnant he put her in charge as revealed in a letter to Francis Hodgson, written from Newstead on 25 September 1811: "Lucy is extracted from Warwickshire [where his and her son had been weaned]; some very bad faces have been warned off the premises, and more promising substituted in their stead … Lucinda to be commander of all the makers and unmakers of beds in the household."

Byron's letters might suggest a callousness in his relationships that is perhaps unwarranted, but when his illegitimate child by Lucy was born, he wrote a poem in which he hailed his "dearest child of love." He had always wanted a son and Lucy provided him with his first and last.

To My Son, incorrectly dated 1807 by Thomas Moore, was first published six years after Byron's death. Lucy's pregnancy, of course, did not take place until early 1809. Moore misread the date. Furthermore, the housemaid did not die the early death of the young mother eulogised by the poet whose "lowly grave the turf has prest." According to the housekeeper, Nanny Smith, Lucy overcame the "high and mighty airs she gave herself as Byron's favourite," married a local lad, and ran a public house in Warwick. The fate of the child enters the forlorn and forgotten realm of so many illegitimate offspring of servants, and does not resurface again until a century later when my Derbyshire maternal grandparents returned the bloodline to Newstead Abbey Park where they purchased twenty or so acres and had a comfortable lodge built almost within the shadow of Byron's ancestral home. In the poem, Byron changed the scenario of Lucy's end to conform to the sentimental moralising of the period, which required that the fallen woman must pay with her life: "The mother's shade shall smile in joy, / And pardon all the past, my Boy!" 

The poem addresses Byron's natural child, challenging the convention that would withhold from his "little illegitmate" a father's loving concern, along with any claim to social position. Byron's pride, along with his sense of honour, was offended by the common practice of turning out pregnant maidservants. He knew the fate of country girls who bore illegitimate children, surviving on the pittance provided by parish poor rates, the workhouse, or making their way to the nearest city and entering a life of prostitution. Along with keeping Lucy employed, Byron made provision - exceptionally generous by the standards of the day - for her and their child in his will. Lucy was to have an annuity of £100 (later reduced to £50); the other £50 was to go to the child.

The poet's only legitimate child was born of Annabella, Lady Byron, on the night of 9 December 1815. She was named Augusta Ada. His half-sister, also called Augusta, would later tell him that while Ada resembled her mother more than Byron, "still there is a look. I never saw a more healthy little thing. It was a melancholy pleasure to see Lady B for I had suffered great uneasiness of which I had given you hints." Well might she feel uneasy, for, on 15 April 1814, she had given birth to a daughter of her own, Elizabeth Medora, whose father was rumoured to be Byron. There was absolutely no way he could be sure that he was the father, even though at the time this was assumed to be the case, and he never acknowledged the fact. He nonetheless showed great fondness for Medora, and Lady Byron herself was struck by the child's extraordinary beauty. Absence of proof positive allowed licence for speculation, needless to say, of which the most astonishing example was the theory advanced by Richard Edgcumbe in Byron: the Last Phase (1909) that Medora was Byron's daughter by his boyhood's love, Mary Chaworth, obligingly adopted by Augusta. However, his half-sister Augusta did write to him of "a likeness in your picture of Mignonne [Medora]."

Claire Clairmont gave birth at Bath to a daughter, on 12 January 1817, whom she named Alba, after Albé, the name the Shelley family had assigned to Byron while in Geneva. Byron asked rhetorically: "Is the brat mine? - I have reason to think so." Before leaving England with her mother, the child was baptised "Clara Allegra Byron, born of Rt Hon George Gordon Lord Byron ye reputed father by Clara Mary Jane Clairmont." Allegra was spoilt, wilful, and undisciplined - a carbon copy of her father when he was a child. By the age of four Byron arranged for her to be enrolled at a Capucine convent at Bagnacavallo, Italy. On 20 April 1822, Allegra, aged five years and three months, was dead, to the profound grief of the nuns who regarded her a very special child. When Byron heard the news he sank into a chair, and asked to be left alone. Three years later he told Lady Blessington: "While she lived, her existence never seemed necessary to my happiness; but no sooner did I lose her than it appeared to me as if I could not live without her." The body of Allegra was sent back to England to be buried at Harrow Church near Peachey Stone where the poet had spent so many hours as a boy. The rector of Harrow refused to erect Byron's proposed tablet, and the child was buried just inside the threshold of the church. Byron had wanted the words: "I shall go to her, but she shall not return to me."

No such problem would beset my parents. Their corporeal remains rest in the private chapel at my present home, a considerable distance from the one time abode of my maternal grandparents at Newstead Abbey Park. My mother wrote a modest memoir, pencilled in her beautiful copperplate hand, titled Recollections. She commented that Newstead "held a secret," adding that "the walk to the Abbey was short. It was in the same grounds as my parents' home. I remember how absorbed Seán became with the whole atmosphere of the place - very intent."

I knew little concerning Byron's life when I was a child, and would not trouble to read a biography about him until I was nineteen. Yet I recall the poet's name cropping up in hushed tones when I was still quite young. It did not take long for an awareness to develop of the family connection, albeit one that was to remain firmly in the cupboard where Byron's skeleton nevertheless rattled from time to time, despite the bloodline's illegitimate origin. Unlike today, such things were not considered at all appropriate for dissemination. Hence much caution was in evidence about the Byronic legacy my mother and I had inherited. In those days it would remain a topic unmentioned in company, and even in private it was to be a mysterious family legend.

By the time I had my first complete work published (as opposed to contributions I had made to anthologies edited by other authors) there was no question in my mind that the book would be dedicated to the memory of my illustrious ancestor Lord Byron.

Not unlike the poet's early work Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, my first complete work in print became an immediate bestseller. My mother recounted in her Recollections:

"Newstead held a magic for me. Seán loved it too. He went about the grounds with my brother, Colin, who had a tree house and a gun. Dad only allowed Colin to have a gun because the poor rabbits were dying in agony from myxomatoses. I was given a book of English poetry by my father. Seán picked it up and out of the one thousand one hundred and fifty poems chose Byron's She walks in Beauty to read. I don't think Seán even knew the connection between Lord Byron at that time."

The longest absence from Newstead when I was a child was the period spent in Canada where my parents sought their future and fortune overseas. "I heard some lovely reports about Montreal, which I related to Allen," my mother recorded.

"These little stories fired our imagination and we decided to go. Seán was aged three. Allen went first by air. Seán and I stayed at home until three months later when we were passengers on the Aquitania from Southampton to Halifax, Nova Scotia. Allen had been in Toronto for three months, but we settled in Montreal, a beautiful city built around a mountain topped by a cross. This seemed significant to me at the time. I had collected crosses for years. The highlight of our day was to take the bus to St Catherine's Street where we would have a chocolate éclair each with a beverage. Weekends would find the three of us walking up the mountain or visiting the lake. It was all very pleasant, but our future in Canada was really doomed from the start as many things were not what we had been used to in England. The accommodation left much to be desired, and Allen discovered that work was in short supply. So back home we came on the Ascania, a much smaller version of the Aquitania, which proved to be a smelly little ship. We docked at Liverpool and from there we sailed to Dublin where we stayed with Mr and Mrs Berry. He was the keeper of Dublin Castle."

The rickety and foul-smelling tug called the Ascania should have been scrapped years before we boarded it, and almost certainly was soon after our arrival in Liverpool. This was in marked contrast to our time at Dublin Castle as a guest of the Berrys. In the previous century the spectre of a frail gazelle of a girl of medium height, in Regency clothes, flitted down the corridors with large, enquiring eyes brimming with tears. She occupied the shadowy places I now found myself wandering. I would write her biography one day. It was the last book my mother read before she died in 1992.

Within a couple of months my parents had left Ireland, and once again I was amongst the familiar scenery of our beloved Newstead Abbey Park. Soon after my fifth birthday, however, I began attending Hungerford School in north London, and visits during holidays were all that was now possible. My mother's Recollections continued:

"A lovely city, Dublin, but it held no future for us, so we came back to England via Dunleary to Holyhead, staying in Nottinghamshire. Allen went ahead of me to London. Seán and I joined him shortly after to find temporary accommodation in Highbury Hill. Then we found rooms in Holloway, followed by the Mansions where we had a porter and cleaner. I recall how eager Seán was to read and write, and he made fast progress. Seán had talked at a very early age. It was when he went to school that we noticed the early signs of his originality. He was different, always different from others, and he had a way with words from the start. He was also very perceptive right from his first year. He seemed to read one's thoughts and feelings."

Visits to Newstead continued on a fairly regular basis. It was in the Abbey's vast collection where I discovered a pencil portrait of my Dublin Castle phantom: a quarter-length drawing of a pensive young girl with slightly downcast eyes. Mesmerised by the elfin creature, a window seemed to open within my subconscious mind to rich colours lit by candelabras stuffed with melting candles, heavy brocades and tapestries, exquisitely decorated harpsichords, sombre paintings in large frames, dark oak furniture, and reverberating, melodic strains from another time. Amidst all this appeared a ghostly female with rosebud lips, fawn curls and large, sad eyes.

Momentary glimpses of Romanticism's haunted realm where the flickering, wavering image glided in step to echoes from a tinkling, distant spinet, offered somewhere I would visit throughout my life thereafter - a primitive form of time travel.  The identity of my apparition became soon became apparent. It was Lady Caroline Lamb.

Caroline's husband was Secretary of Ireland in 1827, two years after their separation, and he would have stayed at Dublin Castle for long periods of time. This was three years after the tragic death of Caroline's fatal passion Lord Byron. She had stayed at the castle prior to when her husband, William, became Secretary. He almost certainly accepted the post because he could not bear to watch her suffering any longer in the wake of the terrible news about her lover Byron. It would destroy her in the end.

My psychic portal grew faint as childhood innocence itself gradually eroded over the years, but later in life I renewed my acquaintance in becoming the biographer of Lady Caroline Lamb. Lord Brocket invited me to Caroline's country residence in Hertfordshire, Brocket Hall, and Lady Brocket entered into a correspondence where she told of the haunting at the Hall. In February 1992, Lady Brocket wrote of "a woman in the Ballroom" when she was playing some Chopin on the piano.

Frédéric Chopin - my mother's favourite composer - and mine. How memories are stirred whenever the sound of his music fills the air. Each visit I made to Chopin's tomb at Père-Lachaise in Paris, I would invariably discover freshly cut red roses on the grave - lovingly placed by a mysterious admirer.

Chopin became the source of my own inspiration to learn to play the piano. I only recollect my mother playing his works, a composer who never performed his music the same way twice. Each recital reflected Chopin's mood in that precise moment. His compositions lend themselves to a degree of freedom and self-expression rarely found in classical music prior to the century in which my mother was born.

The Vampyre

  • Jan. 23rd, 2009 at 8:33 AM


Lord Byron, parodied as Lord Ruthven by Polidori in The Vampyre (1819), fortuitously crystallised an archetypal image that is centuries strong; yet he abhorred the vampire almost to the same extent as do I.
 
John William Polidori (7 September 1795 - 24 August 1821) is credited by some as the creator of the vampire genre of fantasy fiction. Polidori was the oldest son of Gaetano Polidori, an Italian political émigré, and Anna Maria Pierce, a governess. He had three brothers and four sisters. He was one of the first pupils at Ampleforth College. He began his schooling in 1804 shortly after the monks, in exile from France, settled in the lodge of Anne Fairfax's chaplain in the Ampleforth Valley. He went on from Ampleforth in 1810 to Edinburgh University, where he received his degree as a doctor of medicine on 1 August 1815 at the age of nineteen.


In
1816, Dr Polidori entered Lord Byron's service as his personal physician, and accompanied Byron on a trip through Europe. At the Villa Diodati, a house Byron rented by Lake Geneva in Switzerland, the pair met with Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, and her husband-to-be Percy Bysshe Shelley, and their companion Claire Clairmont.

One night in June, after the company had read aloud from the Tales of the Dead, a collection of horror tales, Byron suggested that they each write a ghost story. Mary Shelley worked on a tale that would later evolve into Frankenstein. Byron wrote (and quickly abandoned) a fragment of a story, which Polidori used later as the basis for his own tale.

Rather than use the crude, bestial vampire of folklore as a basis for his story, Polidori based his character on Byron. Polidori named the character "Lord Ruthven" as a joke. The name was originally used in Lady Caroline Lamb's novel Glenarvon, in which a thinly-disguised Byron figure was also named Lord Ruthven.

Polidori's Lord Ruthven was not only the first vampire in English fiction, but was the first fictional vampire in the form we recognize today - an aristocratic fiend who preyed among high society.

Polidori's story, The Vampyre, was published in the April 1819 issue of New Monthly Magazine. Much to both his and Byron's chagrin, The Vampyre was released as a new work by Byron. Byron even released his own Fragment of a Novel in an attempt to clear up the mess, but, for better or worse, The Vampyre continued to be attributed to him.

Dismissed by Byron, Polidori returned to England, and in 1820 wrote to the Prior at Ampleforth; his letter is lost, but Prior Burgess' reply makes it clear that he considered Polidori, with his scandalous literary acquaintances, an unsuitable case for the monastic profession.

In 1821, after writing an ambitious sacred poem, The Fall of the Angels, Polidori, suffering from depression, died in mysterious circumstances on 24 August 1821 at approximately 1:10 PM, probably by self-administered poison, though the coroner's verdict was that he had "departed this Life in a natural way by the visitation of God".

Polidori's fate has been to be remembered only as a footnote in Romantic history. Reprints of the diary he kept during his travels with Byron are available, but are rather hard to find for purchase on the internet, and no etext version is yet available.

Polidori's diary, titled The Diary of John Polidori and edited by William Michael Rossetti, was first published in 1911 by Elkin Mathews (London). A reprint of this book, The Diary of Dr John William Polidori, 1816, relating to Byron, Shelley, etc was published by Folcroft Library Editions (Folcroft, Pa.) in 1975. Another reprint by the same title was printed by Norwood Editions (Norwood, Pa.) in 1978.

As well as being mid-wife to Frankenstein's monster, he was uncle to Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Christina Rossetti.

Three films have depicted John Polidori and the genesis of the Frankenstein and Vampyre stories in 1816: Gothic directed by Ken Russell (1986), Haunted Summer directed by Ivan Passer (1988) and Remando al viento (English title: Rowing with the Wind) directed by Gonzalo Suárez (1988).

Lord Byron

  • Jan. 22nd, 2009 at 3:04 PM



Here lies
interred in the Eternity
of the Past,
from whence there is no
Resurrection
for the Days - Whatever there may be
for the Dust -
the Thirty-Third Year
of an ill-spent Life,
Which, after
a lingering disease of many months
sunk into a lethargy,
and expired,
January 22nd, 1821, A.D.
Leaving a successor
Inconsolable
for the very loss which
occasioned its
Existence.
 
Thus wrote George Gordon, the sixth Lord Byron, on his birthday in 1821. Three years later he was dead.

Lord Byron was born with a lame foot on 22 January 1788, in poor lodgings in London. His mother was descended from James I of Scotland. Yet his imagination stirred more by his paternal ancestry whose first members in England were large landholders in the north at the time of the Conqueror. Little is known about them until the time of Henry VIII, when the picturesque Newstead Abbey in Nottinghamshire came into the possession of Sir John Byron through the favour of the King.
 
Sir John's natural son succeeded to the title by the grace of Queen Elizabeth, who knighted him in 1579, and became something of a legendary character for his lavish entertainment. A later Sir John Byron, a faithful general of Charles I, was created Baron Byron of Rochdale in the County of Lancaster on 24 October 1643. This was the first Lord Byron.
 
The sixth Lord Byron, first and only child of John Byron and Catherine Gordon, was born on the first floor at 16 Holles Street, a respectable but inexpensive lodging in the short lane connecting Oxford Street and Cavendish Square. Soon after his tenth birthday he was told that he was the sixth Baron Byron of Rochdale following the death of the fifth Lord Byron.
 
He asked his mother whether she perceived any difference in him since he had been made a lord, as he perceived none himself.
 
The Byron family were descended from Ernegis and Radulfus de Burun, who came to England with William the Conqueror. He is mentioned in the Doomsday Book as a landowner in Nottinghamshire. Later on he acquired land and family estates in Derbyshire, and in the reign of Edward I property in Rochdale and Norfolk. At the time of the dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII, the  monastery and priory of Newstead was sold to John Byron of Colwyke for the sum of £810.  Sir John Byron was given a knighthood by  Queen Elizabeth I in 1579, and he converted the monastic quarters around the cloisters into a mansion.

In the seventeenth century the Byrons married into the Chaworth family who lived very near to Newstead at Annesley Hall. William who was born in 1722, later became known as "TheWicked Lord." His brother John, born in 1723  was later to become an Admiral and was the poet’s grandfather. John, Admiral Byron later became known as "Foulweather Jack" due to his turbulent career in the Navy, his  son also called John, known as "Mad Jack,"  married  Lady Amelia d'Arcy , they had two daughters, but only one of them , Augusta Mary, survived. Lady Amelia did not survive the birth, and eventually  John married again to Catherine Gordon of Gight, who would be the poet’s mother, at St Michael's Church in Bath on May 13th 1785.
 
John Byron squandered  Catherine's money and eventually all her estates were sold off to pay his debts. In July 1785  he was arrested for debt and taken to King's Bench Prison.  Toward the end of 1787 Catherine settled in temporary  furnished accommodation at 16 Holles Street in London, and there, on 22 January 1788,  George Gordon Byron, the poet, was born. He was born with a caul over his head which was considered a mark of distinction or good luck.  He was christened at Marylebone Parish Church on February 29th.  Within days of his birth Catherine called in a surgeon called John Hunter to examine a foot deformity and inoculate the child against smallpox. It became known that his right foot was inclined to the inner side, caused by a shortening of his tendon. As time went on many painful hours  were spent in trying to straighten it.

John Byron went to France to escape his creditors and in July 1792 he died of consumption, leaving his penniless son, aged four, responsible for his debts. Byron spent most of his childhood living in Aberdeen with his Mother. In 1792  Catherine  enrolled young Byron in school in Long Acre  for a guinea a year. He was a quick learner and could read fluently by the time he was five.  In 1794, when he was six, he was sent to the Aberdeen Grammar School. The fifth Lord Byron, William, died at Newstead Abbey on 21 May 1798. His ten-year-old son became the sixth Baron Byron of Rochdale and heir to Newstead.
 
In 1799 he was sent to a preparatory school at Dulwich, where he remained till 1801,and then went on to Harrow where he learnt Latin and Greek. He also became a champion swimmer in spite of his lameness. He remained at Harrow till 1805,  developing his love of poetry and history. It is interesting to note that during his time at Harrow in 1803 in his sixteenth year he visited his distant relative Mary Anne Chaworth who lived at Annesley Hall,  near Newstead, and fell hopelessly in love with her.  His infatuation for Mary was ended by his over-hearing  her speak of him to her maid as "That lame boy". The sting given by this remark was a serious blow to his pride and some think that it was the cause of his future philandering, although it should be remembered that he was from childhood, extremely susceptible to feminine influence. Whatever the truth might be, Byron never forgot his first love whom he named "The Morning Star of Annesley." She is the subject of at least five of his early poems. In 1765, the fifth Lord Byron, known as "The Wicked Lord,"
 had killed a relation of Mary Chaworth in a duel.

In October 1805 Byron entered Trinity College, Cambridge, which did him no good. "The place is the devil", he would remark. That notwithstanding,  during his time there he made many and lasting friends. Among them were the scholar-dandy Scrope Berdmore Davies, Francis Hodgson, and undoubtedly his best friend of all, John Cam Hobhouse. Also there was another friend, a chorister named Edleston who died while Byron was abroad in May 1811. Others died, and each death would affect Byron.
 
In April 1808 he entered upon his inheritance, before this the Abbey at Newstead had been occupied by a tenant, Lord Grey de Ruthven. Various parts of the Abbey were uninhabitable, including the banqueting hall, and the grand drawing room. By borrowing money, two sets of apartments were refurnished for Byron and his mother. On the 13 March 1809, being of age, he took his seat in the House of Lords. Byron invited Hobhouse and three others to a house-warming. One of the party, C S Matthews, describes a day at Newstead: "Host and guests lay in bed till one, the afternoon was passed in various diversions, fencing, single stick, riding, cricket, sailing on the lake." "They dined at eight, and after the cloth was removed they handed round a human skull filled with burgundy. This was a skull that had been found in the gardens, which Byron had sent to Nottingham to be polished to a very high shine and of a mottled colour like tortoiseshell, it had been set in heavy silver resting on four balls. The bill for this was £17 17s.  Byron wrote a poem of the event:


Start not-nor deem my spirit fled:
In me behold the only skull,
From which, unlike a living head,
Whatever flows is never dull.


The Greeks were heartbroken. Mavrocordato gave orders that thirty-seven minute guns should be fired at  daylight and decreed a general mourning of twenty one days. His body was embalmed and lay in state. On May 25th his remains, all but the heart, which is buried in Missolonghi, were sent back to England where they were finally laid beneath the chancel of the village church of Hucknall Torkard on 16 July 1824, nearly three months after his death. The authorities of the day would not sanction burial in Westminster Abbey, and there is neither bust nor statue of Lord Byron in Poet's Corner.

After some time, accompanied by Hobhouse and a small set of  retainers, including William Fletcher his faithful valet (who was to serve Byron until his master’s death in Missolonghi) and Robert Rushton,  he set out on his travels. They sailed from Falmouth on July 2nd and reached Lisbon on 7 July 1809. The first two cantos of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage contains a record of the main events of his first year of  absence. Byron decided to  go to Greece, which was in the throes of  a war of independence. The revolutionary Greeks were split up into parties, and there were several different leaders. It was a question to which leader he should attach himself. He sailed from Argostoli on 29 December 1823 and after a rather adventurous voyage landed at Missolonghi on the 5 January 1824. He was met with a royal reception. Byron may have sought a soldier’s end but this was not to be. He advanced large sums of money for the payment of troops, and for medical provisions. He brought opposing parties into line and served as a link between Odysseus, the democratic leader of the insurgents, and the "prince" Mavrocordato. He was so eager to take to the field, but was never to fire a shot or unsheath his sword in battle.
 
His health had deteriorated, but he did not realise that his life was in danger. On 15 February 1824 he was struck down with a fit, which left him speechless though not motionless. He gradually recovered enough to continue his business as usual, but he suffered from dizziness and spasms in the chest, and a few days later he was seized with a second convulsion. These attacks may have hastened, but they did not cause his death. On April 9th,  feeling better he took a ride, but soon after the weather turned and he was soaked to the skin. He insisted on dismounting and took an open boat to the quay in front of his house.  Two hours later he was struck down with ague and violent rheumatic pains.  On the 11th he rode out again, but he gradually  grew worse and fell into a comatose sleep. It was reported that during  his delirium he had called out, half in English, half in Italian, "Forward ~ forward ~ courage! Follow my example ~ don't be afraid!" And then he tried to send a  last message to his sister and to his wife. He died at six o'clock on the evening of 19 April 1824, aged thirty-six years and three months.